1914-Present

1. 20th Century Nationalism

2. The West

3. Russia and China

4. Latin America

5. Japan and the Pacific Rim

__Genocide Notes__ __Armenian Genocide__ - Massive campaign against Armenians in Ottoman Empire; deportations, murders, forced into the deserts. - Ethnic tensions between Turks and Armenians grew when Armenians wanted more power in gov't. - Government massacred Armenians to lower their expectations of getting power + protection from the government. - Young Turks became new powers; highly nationalistic views; wanted to get rid of Armenians. - Turkish support for the genocide came from the government saying that the Armenians were conspiring against the government. - They gave Armenians 3 days to pack up; also shot all well-built men in fear of retaliation/attacks. - Little was done to ease the pain of the Armenians due to noninterventionist policies by U.S. + other nations. - Punishment against Young Turks was an idle threat due to other concerns of other nations. - Money and support for surviving Armenians --> allowed them to live on. - Young Turks escaped to other countries to avoid punishments. - Most Turks joined a new nationalist movement; began killing Armenians again.

__Holocaust__ - Nazis grew in power after restoring economic conditions; philosophy was anti-Semitism. - Boycotted against Jewish businesses to drive them into economic depression. - Jews were put into concentration camps where they eventually died from work/gas chambers. Others died from killing squads travelling the Soviet Union. - To prevent liberation, Germany ordered marches for Jews w/ no destination in mind to starve them. - President Roosevelt wanted to take action against Hitler, but did not have domestic political support for it. - Allies took little action to stop the concentration camps/genocides. - Set up camps for Jews in concentration camps after the war; soon after, most migrated to Israel. - World vowed never to let this happen again at Genocide Convention.

__Cambodia Genocide__ - Pol Pot of Khmer Rouge envisioned a utopia w/o social classes; began movement to force urban Cambodians out into the countryside and start agrarian lifestyles. - Education, media, communications, clothing, money, etc. were all banned by the new government. - Killed any resisters or non-valuable people in their society. - Deaths mostly came from starvation and malnutrition from low rations working. Had to send most food to China for debt. - Gov't instilled in civilians hatred for Vietnamese people due to border issues. - Little international effort to stop the genocide; due to expulsion of all foreigners in Cambodia, hard to know + other affairs, like Vietnam War, communism vs. democracy. - U.S. bombing in Cambodia led to Khmer Rouge taking power. - President Carter wanted to do something, but there were Cold War issues + initiatives to take care of. - Little post-recovery; hunger, destruction, and unrest plagued the country. - Hard to recover w/ no intellectuals. - Held criminal trials against members of Khmer Rouge for genocide. - Economic and social reconstruction programs in Cambodia now.